Chemical Coordination and Integration

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FUNCTIONS OF THYMOSINS:

01

Differentiation of T-lymphocytes. It provides cell

mediated immunity.

02

Promote antibody production for humoral immunity.

Thymus is degenerated in old individuals. So, production

of thymosins also decreases with age. As a result, immune

responses of old persons become weak.

7. ÅDRËÑÅL GLÅÑD



Present in pair, one at anterior part of each kidney (supra-renal glands).

A

d

e

r

n

a

l

g

l

a

n

d

Ureter

G

l

u

c

o

c

o

r

t

i

c

o

i

d

s

C

a

t

e

c

h

o

l

a

m

i

n

e

s

M

i

n

e

r

a

l

o

c

o

r

t

i

c

o

i

d

s

Zona glomerulosa

Zona fasciculata

Zona reticularis

Medulla

Aldosterone &

corticosterone

Cortisol &

cortisone

A

n

d

r

o

g

e

n

i

c

s

t

e

r

o

i

d

s

Estrogens &

testosterone



It has 2 parts: Adrenal cortex (outer) & Adrenal medulla (centrally

located)

Å. ÅDRËÑÅL ÇØRTËX



It has 3 layers: inner zona reticularis, middle zona fasciculata & outer

zona glomerulosa. It produces the following corticoid hormones.

1. GLÜÇØÇØRTÏÇØÏDS (MÅÏÑLÝ ÇØRTÏSØL):

Involved in carbohydrate metabolism. Stimulate gluconeogenesis,

lipolysis and proteolysis. Inhibit cellular uptake and utilization of

amino acids. Maintain cardiovascular system and kidney functions.

Cortisol stimulates RBC production. Produces anti-inflammatory

reactions and suppresses the immune response